Integer Approximation
Find the greatest integer less than $ (\sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5})^6 $. (Do not use a calculator!)
- 1
- 2
- 3
- +
- 4
- 5
- 6
- -
- 7
- 8
- 9
- $\frac{a}{b}$
- .
- 0
- =
- %
- $a^n$
- $a^{\circ}$
- $a_n$
- $\sqrt{}$
- $\sqrt[n]{}$
- $\pi$
- $\ln{}$
- $\log$
- $\theta$
- $\sin{}$
- $\cos{}$
- $\tan{}$
- $($
- $)$
- $[$
- $]$
- $\cap$
- $\cup$
- $,$
- $\infty$
Solution
Let $ x = \sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5} $ and $ y = \sqrt{7} - \sqrt{5} $.
First, we can square $ x = \sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5} $ and $ y = \sqrt{7} - \sqrt{5}, $ to get
\begin{align*}
x^2 &= (\sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5})^2 = 7 + 2 \sqrt{35} + 5 = 12 + 2 \sqrt{35}, \\
y^2 &= (\sqrt{7} - \sqrt{5})^2 = 7 - 2 \sqrt{35} + 5 = 12 - 2 \sqrt{35}.\end{align*}Note that $ x^2 $ and $ y^2 $ are radical conjugates. Also, $ x^2 y^2 = (12 + 2 \sqrt{35})(12 - 2 \sqrt{35}) = 12^2 - 2^2 \cdot 35 = 4, $ so
\[y^2 = \frac{4}{x^2} = \frac{4}{12 + 2 \sqrt{35}} < 1.\]Then
\[x^4 = (12 + 2 \sqrt{35})^2 = 12^2 + 2 \cdot 12 \cdot 2 \sqrt{35} + 2^2 \cdot 35 = 284 + 48 \sqrt{35},\]and
\begin{align*}
x^6 &= x^2 \cdot x^4 \\
&= (12 + 2 \sqrt{35})(284 + 48 \sqrt{35}) \\
&= 12 \cdot 284 + 12 \cdot 48 \sqrt{35} + 2 \sqrt{35} \cdot 284 + 2 \cdot \sqrt{35} \cdot 48 \cdot \sqrt{35} \\
&= 6768 + 1144 \sqrt{35}.\end{align*}Then $ y^6 $ is the radical conjugate of $ x^6, $ so $ y^6 = 6768 - 1144 \sqrt{35} $. Hence,
\[x^6 + y^6 = (6768 + 1144 \sqrt{35}) + (6768 - 1144 \sqrt{35}) = 13536.\]Since $ 0 < y^6 < 1, $ the greatest integer less than $ x^6 $ is $ \boxed{13535} $.